A secure access control scheme with batch verification for VANETs

Abstract

When an onboard unit (OBU) moves into the area of a roadside unit (RSU), authentication occurs. In areas with heavy traffic, e.g., intersections, an RSU may receive thousands of requests in a short period . Verifying each request separately can lead to wasted resources and cause RSU service bottlenecks. Because these requests have stringent real-time requirements, if they are not processed in time, vehicles may not be able to change their driving status and could encounter large-scale congestion or even dangerous areas. To improve efficiency, this study investigated a secure access control scheme with batch verification for vehicular ad hoc networks . The proposed method requires only two bilinear pairing operations to verify n requests, which is the same number for a single verification. Through a performance analysis, it was confirmed that the proposed scheme has a lower computation cost and the least communication overhead among existing schemes. Furthermore, extensive simulations demonstrated that the scheme has the lowest processing delay, and as the number of batch verifications increases, its processing delay growth range also diminishes. A detailed security analysis shows that the scheme achieves collusion resistance, signature unforgeability, and replaying resistance.