Abstract

Assume a profit-maximizing firm. 1. Assume that the firm supplies a strictly positive and finite quantity. Then, the rule “marginal revenues = marginal costs” holds in the optimum. 2. A firm in perfect competition always supplies according the rule “price = marginal costs” if the resulting revenues at least cover the average variable costs. 3. The firm will never make losses in its optimum because it can avoid these by leaving the market. 4. In the long-run market equilibrium with free market entry and exit, a firm’s producer surplus is always equal to zero.

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