A Search for X-Ray Counterparts of Gamma-Ray Bursts with the [ITAL]ROSAT[/ITAL] PSPC

Abstract

We search for faint X-ray bursts with duration 10--300 seconds in the ROSAT PSPC pointed observations with a total exposure of 1.6e7 seconds. We do not detect any events shorter than ~100s, i.e. those that could be related to the classic gamma-ray bursts. At the same time, we detect a number of long flares with durations of several hundred seconds. Most, but not all, of the long flares are associated with stars. If even a small number of those long flares, that cannot identified with stars, are X-ray afterglows of GRB, the number of X-ray afterglows greatly exceeds the number of BATSE GRB. This would imply that the beaming factor of gamma-rays from the burst should be >100. The non-detection of any short bursts in our data constrains the GRB counts at the fluences 1--2.5 orders of magnitude below the BATSE limit. The constrained burst counts are consistent with the extrapolation of the BATSE log N - log S relation. Finally, our results do not confirm a reality of short X-ray flashes found in the Einstein IPC data by Gotthelf, Hamilton and Helfand.