Abstract
:Background:Unintentional drowning is the leading cause of death for children younger than 5 years old. A bucket is one of the most common water container in which children can drown. The objective of this work was to evaluate the base diameter of a bucket and the necessary force to shed it.Methods:This was an experimental study. We used six galvanized buckets of different diameters. Each selected bucket was pulled using a pulley with other buckets full of water until the water spilled out. The statistical analysis was done by linear regression with p less than 0.05 as statistically significant.Results:This research shows a direct relation between the wide base diameter (in a bucket 23 cm high, 25 cm rim, with a 20 cm water depth) and the strength required to spill the liquid contents (β= 1.21; x= diameter of the base in centimeters; α= 14.59; r= 0.99 and p less than 0.001).Conclusions:We conclude that the bucket structure could determine the risk of child drowning. The risk could increase directly as its base width increases.
Highlights
According to Leon,[8] preschool children can drown when the water depth reaches 2.5 cm, and the risk increases as water reaches depths of 20 or more centimeters.[9]
The correlation graph showed a direct relation between the base diameter of the bucket and the strength required to spill the liquid content (Figure 3)
This study shows a direct relation between the base diameter of the bucket and the strength needed to tilt it until its contents are spilled
Summary
A Drowning is a common and preventable health problem[1] and it is one of the leading causes of lethal non-intentional injuries in children younger than 5 years old.[2, 3] The locations of bodies of water associated with drowning vary with children’s ages and stage of development, though the “home” is one of the most frequently reported location.[1,4,5] At home, children around 3-4 years old drown most frequently in cisterns, wells, sinks or trenches, whereas children around 1 or 2 years old drown in buckets or bathtubs.[3,4,6] In the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area (Jalisco State, México), buckets represent the second most frequent body of water where children 1- 4 years old drown at home, representing 21.2% of all cases. According to Leon,[8] preschool children can drown when the water depth reaches 2.5 cm, and the risk increases as water reaches depths of 20 or more centimeters.[9]. Unintentional drowning is the leading cause of death for children younger than 5 years old. A bucket is one of the most common water container in which children can drown. Results: This research shows a direct relation between the wide base diameter (in a bucket 23 cm high, 25 cm rim, with a 20 cm water depth) and the strength required to spill the liquid contents (β= 1.21; x= diameter of the base in centimeters; α= -14.59; r= 0.99 and p less than 0.001). Conclusions: We conclude that the bucket structure could determine the risk of child drowning. The risk could increase directly as its base width increases
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