A screening procedure for primary aldosteronism based on the Diasorin Liaison® automated chemiluminescent immunoassay for direct renin

Abstract

Primary aldosteronism (PA), the most common secondary cause of hypertension, can be screened for using the aldosterone/renin ratio. This ratio is raised in PA and its accuracy depends on the ability to measure plasma renin at extremely low concentrations. We compared two different procedures for assessing plasma renin. The conventional method, which measures plasma renin activity (PRA), is technically demanding and laborious, and the Diasorin Liaison method, which measures plasma renin concentration (PRC), is an automated immunoassay. Results from each method were used to calculate the aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) and the performance of the Diasorin Liaison method compared with that of the conventional assay using receiver operator characteristic curves. The analytical and functional sensitivity of the PRC method were 2.1 and 5 microIU/mL, respectively. Intra- and inter-assay precision were <7.2% and 10.4%, respectively. There was significant (9%) prorenin interference. Samples with PRA > 1.0 ng/mL/h showed significant correlation with PRC (r = 0.93; P < 0.05; n = 146); however, with PRA < 1.0 ng/mL/h, no significant correlation occurred (r = 0.14; P < 0.05; n = 79). An aldosterone (pmol/L)/PRC(microIU/mL) ratio of >35, in patients with aldosterone >300 pmol/L, resulted in 100% sensitivity and 93% specificity, when compared with the commonly accepted aldosterone (pmol/L)/PRA (ng/mL/h) ratio of >750, in identifying patients who may suffer from PA. This study indicates the feasibility of using the automated PRC assay as a replacement for the conventional manual PRA assay in calculating the ARR as a first-line screen for PA.