A scoping review of individual health responsibility: A context-base concept.

Abstract

Individual health responsibility plays an important role in maintaining and improving people's health. There are controversial opinions related to this concept. This study aimed to investigate controversial opinions related to individual health responsibility and familiarize researchers and policy makers with the available evidence and gap of knowledge in the recent years. This paper is a scoping review. The five-step approach of Arksey and O'Malley was used to review the relevant literature from the beginning of 2017 to the end of 2022. The search was done in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, web of sciences, Cochrane databases, and Google Scholar search engine using the English keywords "health responsibility" AND "individual" OR "personal". All articles and theses related to individual health responsibility, which were in English and had access to their full text, were included in the study. After a 2-stage screening for 1,412 articles and theses, 32 were included in the study. The findings indicated that most of the studies were conducted in developed European continent. The published articles included a wide range of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed research, and acute and chronic diseases have been considered in this field. Individual health responsibility is a multidimensional concept that is influenced by individual, social, and cultural factors, and emphasizing it can have both positive and negative effects on people's health. To the concept be effective in health promotion, it is important to pay attention to individual and social context, health status, and community and health policy makers views about individual health responsibility.