Abstract
The gas turbine aero-engine control systems over the past eight decades have been thoroughly investigated. This review purposes are to present a comprehensive reference for aero-engine control design and development based on a systematic scientometric analysis and to categorize different methods, algorithms, and approaches taken into account to improve the performance and operability of aircraft engines from the first days to present to enable this challenging technology to be adopted by aero-engine manufacturers. Initially, the benefits of the control systems are restated in terms of improved engine efficiency, reduced carbon dioxide emissions, and improved fuel economy. This is followed by a historical coverage of the proposed concepts dating back to 1936. A comprehensive scientometric analysis is then presented to introduce the main milestones in aero-engines control. Possible control strategies and concepts are classified into four distinct phases, including Single input- single output control algorithms, MIN-MAX or Cascade control algorithms, advanced control algorithms, More-electric and electronic control algorithms and critically reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of milestones are discussed to cover all practical aspects of the review to enable the researchers to identify the current challenges in aircraft engine control systems.
Highlights
Jet engine invention can be traced back to the aeolipile made around 150 B.C, but today we know Dr Hans von Ohain and Sir Frank Whittle as two jet engine co-inventors.[1]
Digital Electronic Engine Control (DEEC) The DEEC system which was tested on the NASA F-15 received to control a wide range of engine functions such as inlet guide vanes, compressor stators, bleeds, main burner fuel flow, afterburner flue flow, and exhaust nozzle vanes.[4]
This paper purposes are to present a comprehensive reference for aero-engine control design and development based on a systematic scientometric analysis and to categorize different methods, algorithms, and approaches taken into account to improve the performance and operability of aircraft engines from the first days to present to enable this challenging technology to be adopted by aeroengine manufacturers
Summary
Jet engine invention can be traced back to the aeolipile made around 150 B.C, but today we know Dr Hans von Ohain and Sir Frank Whittle as two jet engine co-inventors.[1]. Digital Electronic Engine Control (DEEC) The DEEC system which was tested on the NASA F-15 received to control a wide range of engine functions such as inlet guide vanes, compressor stators, bleeds, main burner fuel flow, afterburner flue flow, and exhaust nozzle vanes.[4] Engine input measurements that led to these computer-controlled functions included static pressure at the compressor face, fan and core rotational speed, compressor face temperature, burner pressure, turbine inlet temperature, turbine discharge pressure, throttle position, afterburner fuel flow, fan and compressor speeds, and an ultraviolet detector in the afterburner to check for flame presence.[4] Functions carried out after input data were processed by the DEEC computer included setting the variable vanes, positioning compressor start bleeds, controlling gas-generator and augmentator fuel flows, adjusting the augmentor segment sequence valve, and controlling the exhaust nozzle position These actions, and others, gave the engine––and the pilot––rapid and stable throttle response, protection from fan and compressor stalls, improved thrust, better performance at high altitudes, and they kept the engine operating within its limits over the full flight envelope. The three most important uses of citation analysis that are more accessible through citation profiles are: 1. Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Scientists, Publications and Institutions: Citation analysis methods can be used to estimate the number of scientific works and to raise awareness of the quality of scientific resources produced by scientists and institutes
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