A Schiff-based AIE fluorescent probe for Zn2+ detection and its application as “fluorescence paper-based indicator”

Abstract

A Schiff-based aggregation induced emission (AIE) fluorescent probe with excited intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism was synthesized by grafting 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole onto 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol. The probe recognizes Zn2+ selectively and sensitively, accompanied by a significant fluorescence emission increasement change from light yellow-green to strong green. Additionally, a stabilization time of at least 30 min was kept in the recognition process. Besides, a linear relationship was observed between the concentration of Zn2+ and the fluorescence intensity at 525 nm (0.05–10 µM). And thus, the probe can detect Zn2+ quantitatively in aqueous solution with a low detection limit of 1.9 × 10-8 M. Based on the AIE property and the selective recognition of Zn2+, SCH was strategically loaded on the filter paper to develop a novel paper-based indicator for on-site and high-efficiency detection of Zn2+. The results showed that the paper-based indicator could be conveniently applied to the visual inspection of Zn2+ as expected and SCH in the paper-based indicators fortunately exhibited a better stability. Furthermore, our comprehensive application evaluations have confirmed that SCH was capable of detecting Zn2+ in real water samples and imaging Zn2+ in living cells roundly.