Abstract
Tuberculosis is a global health challenge due to its spreading potential. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) faces a challenge in the spread of tuberculosis from migrant workers, but the foremost threat is the huge number of pilgrims who travel to visit sacred sites of the Islamic world located in the holy cities of Makkah and Al Madina. Pilgrims visit throughout the year but especially in the months of Ramadan and Zul-Hijah. The rise of resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an established global phenomenon that makes such large congregations likely hotspots in the dissemination and spread of disease at a global level. Although very stringent and effective measures exist, the threat remains due to the ever-changing dynamics of this highly pathogenic disease. This overview primarily highlights the current public health challenges posed by this disease to the Saudi health system, which needs to be highlighted not only to the concerned authorities of KSA, but also to the concerned global quarters since the pilgrims and migrants come from all parts of the world with a majority coming from high tuberculosis-burdened countries.
Highlights
World tuberculosis (TB) day, on March 24 each year, commemorates the day whenDr Robert Koch announced his historic discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) as the cause of TB [1]
Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients often present with other comorbidities, such as heart and renal diseases, making the treatment further complex with unfavorable outcomes
This all indicated a very high diversity in MTB strains from Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), having substantial associations with transmission dynamics, demographics, and patients’ origin
Summary
Phytochem Lab, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy. National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy
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