Abstract
In this paper, a coarse to fine strategy is presented to achieve the geometrical synchronization incorporating Zernike moments and the template. At the coarse stage, the rotation and scaling parameters are estimated with Zernike moments of the translation-normalized image, while the translation parameters are estimated with the centroid’s increments between the original image and the image that is corrected for rotation and scaling. At the fine stage, the accurate Rotation, Scaling and Translation (RST) parameters are obtained by matching the template around the roughly estimated RST values. A watermarking scheme based on the vector Hidden Markov Model in wavelet domain (DWT-HMM) is also adopted. High robustness is observed against geometric manipulations and other StirMark attacks in our simulations.
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