A routing-benefited deployment approach combining static and dynamic layouts for underwater optical wireless networks

Zhongwei Shen,Yanjun Liang,Hongxi Yin,Lianyou Jing,Rigele Maao

doi:10.1177/1550147721999614

Zhongwei Shen, Yanjun Liang + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147721999614

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Abstract

A routing-benefited deployment algorithm combining static and dynamic layouts is proposed, and its comprehensive performance evaluation is given in this article. The proposed routing-benefited deployment algorithm is intended to provide a suitable network deployment and subsequent data transmission approach for underwater optical networking and communication. Static nodes are anchored for long-term monitoring, and movable nodes can adjust their depths based on the virtual force and move with the variation of area-of-interest changing. Then, nodes begin to collect data that they can monitor and transmit to sink nodes. Here, the underwater wireless optical communication model is described to actualize the real environment, and the vector-based forwarding protocol is particularly considered to compare the impact of different deployment algorithms on routing. It is shown by simulation experiment results that routing-benefited deployment algorithm outperforms several existing traditional virtual force deployment algorithms in terms of coverage, lifetime, energy consumption balance, packet-loss rate, and time-delay.

Highlights

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are composed of homogeneous and/or heterogeneous sensor nodes. These nodes have the functions of data acquisition, processing, and wireless communication, which can be increasingly available for marine environment monitoring, disaster alarm and pollution detection, ocean resource exploration and exploitation, and military supervision.[1,2]
Xing et al.[22] and Wang et al.[23] proposed two types of underwater acoustic-optical hybrid wireless networks’ architectures, where the deployment of surface gateway nodes is focused in Xing et al.,[22] and the network transmission protocols are concerned in Wang et al.,[23] respectively
The performance of routing-benefited underwater wireless sensor network deployment algorithm (RBDA) is evaluated in five aspects: coverage ratio, lifetime, residual energy variance, packet-loss rate (PLR), and average time-delay, which are compared with several existing classic deployment methods.[18,19,21]

Summary

Introduction

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are composed of homogeneous and/or heterogeneous sensor nodes. Keywords Underwater optical wireless network, static and dynamic layouts, routing, virtual force, performance evaluation This article proposes a routing-benefited underwater wireless sensor network deployment algorithm (RBDA).

Results

Conclusion