Abstract
Abstract. How to trigger magnetic reconnection is one of the most interesting and important problems in space plasma physics. Recently, electron temperature anisotropy (αeo=Te⊥/Te||) at the center of a current sheet and non-local effect of the lower-hybrid drift instability (LHDI) that develops at the current sheet edges have attracted attention in this context. In addition to these effects, here we also study the effects of ion temperature anisotropy (αio=Ti⊥/Ti||). Electron anisotropy effects are known to be helpless in a current sheet whose thickness is of ion-scale. In this range of current sheet thickness, the LHDI effects are shown to weaken substantially with a small increase in thickness and the obtained saturation level is too low for a large-scale reconnection to be achieved. Then we investigate whether introduction of electron and ion temperature anisotropies in the initial stage would couple with the LHDI effects to revive quick triggering of large-scale reconnection in a super-ion-scale current sheet. The results are as follows. (1) The initial electron temperature anisotropy is consumed very quickly when a number of minuscule magnetic islands (each lateral length is 1.5~3 times the ion inertial length) form. These minuscule islands do not coalesce into a large-scale island to enable large-scale reconnection. (2) The subsequent LHDI effects disturb the current sheet filled with the small islands. This makes the triggering time scale to be accelerated substantially but does not enhance the saturation level of reconnected flux. (3) When the ion temperature anisotropy is added, it survives through the small island formation stage and makes even quicker triggering to happen when the LHDI effects set-in. Furthermore the saturation level is seen to be elevated by a factor of ~2 and large-scale reconnection is achieved only in this case. Comparison with two-dimensional simulations that exclude the LHDI effects confirms that the saturation level enhancement is due to the ion anisotropy effects, while the LHDI effects shorten the overall time scale significantly. The results imply that the ion temperature anisotropy is one of the key properties that enable large-scale magnetic reconnection to develop in a super-ion-scale current sheet.
Highlights
Magnetic reconnection is one of the most import processes in space plasma physics
Magnetic reconnection is well known to be a multi-scale process. While it has macroscopic effects as a whole, its engine part is miniscule in size and the physics inside the engine is dominated by dynamics of electrons as collisionless charged particles under the influence of selfconsistently determined electric and magnetic fields
We have carried out a series of threedimensional (3-D) particle-in-cell simulations to investigate how the three agents that attracted recent attention collaborate in triggering reconnection in a super-ion scale current sheet
Summary
Magnetic reconnection is one of the most import processes in space plasma physics. Magnetic reconnection converts magnetic energy to plasma kinetic and thermal energy. Recent 2-D studies, showed that effects of the instability diminish when the current sheet thickness is made larger than the electron inertial scale (Tanaka et al, 2004; Ricci et al, 2004). When the current sheet half-thickness was D∼0.5 λi (D: halfthickness of the current sheet, λi: ion inertial length), it was shown that the induced current density enhancement at the neutral sheet was strong enough to lead to vigorous growth of TI in the newly formed embedded current sheet This chain of non-local coupling between the LHDI effects and the TI excitation is termed Quick Magnetic Reconnection Triggering (QMRT) (Shinohara and Fujimoto, 2005). Various runs are performed to see how the reconnection triggering agents that have attracted recent attentions (QMRT, αe, and αi,) can collaborate with each other to gain a high saturation level quickly
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