Abstract
Infrared maritime target detection is the key technology of maritime target search systems. However, infrared images generally have the defects of low signal-to-noise ratio and low resolution. At the same time, the maritime environment is complicated and changeable. Under the interference of islands, waves and other disturbances, the brightness of small dim targets is easily obscured, which makes them difficult to distinguish. This is difficult for traditional target detection algorithms to deal with. In order to solve these problems, through the analysis of infrared maritime images under a variety of sea conditions including small dim targets, this paper concludes that in infrared maritime images, small targets occupy very few pixels, often do not have any edge contour information, and the gray value and contrast values are very low. The background such as island and strong sea wave occupies a large number of pixels, with obvious texture features, and often has a high gray value. By deeply analyzing the difference between the target and the background, this paper proposes a detection algorithm (SRGM) for infrared small dim targets under different maritime background. Firstly, this algorithm proposes an efficient maritime background filter for the common background in the infrared maritime image. Firstly, the median filter based on the sensitive region selection is used to extract the image background accurately, and then the background is eliminated by image difference with the original image. In addition, this article analyzes the differences in gradient features between strong interference caused by the background and targets, proposes a small dim target extraction operator with two analysis factors that fit the target features perfectly and combines the adaptive threshold segmentation to realize the accurate extraction of the small dim target. The experimental results show that compared with the current popular small dim target detection algorithms, this paper has better performance for target detection in various maritime environments.
Highlights
Infrared imaging systems has been an essential part of maritime target searching systems for some time [1], so that detecting maritime targets using infrared images is a crucial technique [2].in the infrared images, the texture and structure information of the target is lacking, and the small dim targets often occupy only a few pixels, which makes the small dim infrared targets often appear as bright spots
This article analyzes the differences in gradient features between strong interference caused by the background and targets, proposes a small dim target extraction operator with two analysis factors that fit the target features perfectly and combines the adaptive threshold segmentation to realize the accurate extraction of the small dim target
The part of the green box isThe the island area and its corresponding gray distribution, and the part of the box composed is the targetofarea background interference included in the infrared maritime image is red mainly andand its gray distribution
Summary
Infrared imaging systems has been an essential part of maritime target searching systems for some time [1], so that detecting maritime targets using infrared images is a crucial technique [2]. The method based on data structure can well adapt to the image with low SNR and complex background environment, but the calculation amount of the algorithm is very large, which is much higher than that based on HVS and traditional algorithm, which makes the practicability of this kind of algorithm very poor These methods have achieved fruitful results in the detection of infrared small and weak targets. These methods lack of in-depth analysis of infrared image features in the maritime environment, and the algorithm is not effective when applied in the maritime environment These methods cannot effectively reduce the impact of high brightness island area on the detection process, that is, the effect of background removal is not good, and the edge of the island is easy to be retained to become a false alarm.
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