Abstract
An Elastic Optical Network (EON) provides a lot of flexibility on the way an optical network supports the demands of multiple services. This flexibility is given by the Routing, Modulation and Spectrum Assignment (RMSA) algorithm whose primary goal is to use the spectrum resources of the network in an efficient way. Recently, large-scale failures are becoming a concern and one source of such failures is malicious human activities. In terrorist attacks, although node shutdowns are harder to realize than link cuts, they are the most rewarding in the attackers' perspective since the shutdown of one node also shuts down all its connected links. In order to obtain a RMSA algorithm resilient to multiple node failures, we propose the use of a path disaster availability metric which measures the probability of each path not being affected by a multiple node failure. We present computational results considering a mix of unicast and anycast services in 3 well-known topologies. We assess the trade-off between spectrum usage efficiency and resilience to multiple node failures of our proposal against other previous known algorithms. The results show that the RMSA decision is always better when the disaster path availability metric is used. Moreover, the best way to use the path disaster availability metric in the RMSA decision depends on the traffic load of the EON.
Highlights
An Elastic Optical Network (EON) provides a lot of flexibility on the way an optical network can support the demands of multiple services
We have proposed a family of RMSA algorithms resilient to multiple node failures due to malicious human activities
We have assumed that an attacker “discovers” with some estimated probabilities a set of nodes to be attacked and we have proposed a path disaster availability metric that measures the probability of each path not being affected by the attacked nodes
Summary
An Elastic Optical Network (EON) provides a lot of flexibility on the way an optical network can support the demands of multiple services. Broadly speaking, the ability of the network to keep supporting the service demands in case of network failures Many works address this problem considering protection mechanisms to guarantee that all demands can be maintained after any single link or node failure [9]–[11]. All algorithms are evaluated through simulation considering a restoration mechanism where, when a multiple node failure happens, the non-affected lightpaths remain unchanged and the demands of the affected lightpaths are reassigned as much as possible in the surviving network resources. The different RMSA algorithms are compared in terms of spectrum usage efficiency and resiliency to multiple node failures In the latter case, the resiliency is evaluated by 2 parameters: the average non-disrupted demand (the average demand percentage that is not disrupted after a failure) and the average surviving demand (the average demand percentage that is supported after a failure).
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