Abstract
We present a theory of electron tunneling in normal-metal/superconductor junctions on the basis of the Keldysh approach. The current under a finite voltage is expressed in terms of the Green function of a steady state. With a non-perturbative treatment, the conductance for a tunneling-Hamiltonian model is calculated and compared with that predicted using the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formalism.
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