A Right as an Object of Civil Law Relations in the Context of Digital Environment and Economy of Shared Consumption

Abstract

At the moment, social and economic conditions of social development focus on shared consumption, which raises new issues of the legal regime of property rights, namely, rights (claims), options, digital rights, uncertificated and paperless securities. Uncertificated and paperless securities and digital rights have become an important stage in the information revolution, but their legal regime is ambiguous and undefined. An optional design was provided back in 2008 under the Concept of Development of Civil Legislation of the Russian Federation. Subsequently, it was included in the draft federal law on amendments to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Based on some provisions of the draft law, the Federal Law of March 8, 2015, on Amendments to Part One of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in Art. 429.2 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation set forth the option to make a contract and, in Art. 429.3 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, an option agreement was set forth. In the legal doctrine, the spread of ownership to property rights as “incorporeal things” caused a critical response. The legal regime of these objects in the context of specific legal regulation and judicial interpretation is ambiguous. The paper analyses the concept, legal nature, qualifying features of property rights, makes a proposal to introduce a unified legal regime in relation to these objects.