A Review Study on various Image Security Techniques and Emerging trends for Visual Data Protection

Abstract

In the rapidly evolving digital age, the proliferation of visual data and images has led to increased concerns about their security and protection. This paper reviews various image security techniques and emerging trends aimed at safeguarding visual data in a digital landscape. The research explores the evolution of image security measures and their adaptation to address contemporary challenges in data protection. This study introduces the stage by elucidating the multifaceted nature of image security, emphasizing its significance in preserving the confidentiality and integrity of visual data. The complex landscape of image security threats is examined, highlighting the challenges faced in safeguarding visual data from various vulnerabilities. This paper delves into the need and significance of image security in the digital age, presenting a compelling case for the adoption of robust security measures. It explores the risks associated with image theft and tampering in the online world and underscores the essential role of image encryption and authentication methods in countering these threats. The study then delves into the realm of encryption techniques, offering insights into both symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic algorithms designed to enhance image security on the internet. The research extends its focus to secure data hiding techniques, such as reversible data hiding in encrypted images, histogram shifting-based data hiding, and high-embedding capacity methods employing optimization algorithms. The paper also explores digital watermarking as a means of image authentication and copyright protection, along with image tamper detection and self-recovery mechanisms in watermarking schemes. Additionally, this review assesses the impact of emerging trends, including machine learning, Blockchain, and AI-based solutions, on the security of visual data, such as deep neural networks, generative adversarial neural networks, and their role in image steganography, forensics, and privacy protection. Consequently, by providing an in-depth analysis of the current state of image security and future directions, this study contributes to the understanding of the critical role played by image security in the digital age and its implications for data protection and privacy.