A review paper on climate change, agriculture and food security

Abstract

Climate change is a complicated environmental issue that is wreaking havoc on many economic sectors in both developed and developing countries. Over the last several decades, Malaysia has seen significant changes in climatic variables. Climate change is expected to have a negative impact on agricultural output and, as a result, on the country's agricultural production. The emphasis of this article is on the possible risks and effects of global warming on Malaysian agricultural production. The study examines the present state of knowledge in Malaysia on climate change, agricultural, and food security concerns. Climate change poses a possible danger to grain production and industrial product export profits, according to available research. Climate change may reduce rice harvests by 13 percent to 80 percent, according to reports. Rice is Malaysia's primary staple grain. On the other side, owing to the negative effects of climatic variability, output of industrial crops such as oil palm, rubber, and cocoa will decrease by 10–30%. Furthermore, the country's population is projected to grow in the next decades, resulting in increasing domestic food consumption. This may increase the likelihood of food crises, putting the country's food security at jeopardy. As a result, immediate action is required to save the agricultural industry and maintain food production in the face of unavoidable climate change.