Abstract
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly popular for applications such as inspections, delivery, agriculture, surveillance, and many more. It is estimated that, by 2040, UAVs/drones will become a mainstream delivery channel to satisfy the growing demand for parcel delivery. Though the UAVs are gaining interest in civil applications, the future of UAV charging is facing a set of vital concerns and open research challenges. Considering the case of parcel delivery, handling countless drones and their charging will become complex and laborious. The need for non-contact based multi-device charging techniques will be crucial in saving time and human resources. To efficiently address this issue, Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) for UAVs is a promising technology for multi-drone charging and autonomous handling of multiple devices. In the literature of the past five years, limited surveys were conducted for wireless UAV charging. Moreover, vital problems such as coil weight constraints, comparison between existing charging techniques, shielding methods and many other key issues are not addressed. This motivates the author in conducting this review for addressing the crucial aspects of wireless UAV charging. Furthermore, this review provides a comprehensive comparative study on wireless charging's technical aspects conducted by prominent research laboratories, universities, and industries. The paper also discusses UAVs' history, UAVs structure, categories of UAVs, mathematical formulation of coil and WPT standards for safer operation.
Highlights
A drone is a colloquial term for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), commonly referred to a commercial quadcopter
Six compensation topologies are discussed in the literature, of which SS/SP topology is best suited for drone Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) charging owing to its high power transfer and high misalignment tolerance
PUBLIC EXPOSURE LEVELS OF WPT The previous data presented in this paper has pointed out that the increase in frequency above 130 kHz has a significant effect on power transmission efficiency, as higher frequencies are necessary for effective WPT
Summary
A drone is a colloquial term for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), commonly referred to a commercial quadcopter. Few drone charging methods were proposed, which used Non-Electro Magnetic Field (EMF) based techniques for prolonging UAVs flight time. To the best of the author’s knowledge, in the literature of the past five years, the implementation of wireless charging for drones is moving at a very slow pace, which will be a challenge for charging the exponentially growing drone units This motivates the author in presenting a review article on wireless UAV charging techniques. This review study presented multiple aspects of UAVs such as applications, market opportunities, classifications, structure, charging techniques. This study detailed on WPT with different WPT techniques, mathematical modelling, charging standards with future trends and research directions in WPT for UAV, making this article one of its kind. The paper ends with a glimpse of Future Trends and research directions (Section 10)
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