Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive categorical review of the recent advances and past research development of the hybrid storage paradigm over the last two decades. The main intent of the study is to provide an application-focused survey where every category and sub-category herein is thoroughly and independently investigated. Implementation of energy storage systems is one of the most interestingly effective options for further progression in the field of alternative energy technology. Apart from a meticulous garnering of the energy resources regulated by the energy storage, the main concern is to optimize the characteristic integrity of the storage devices to achieve a practically techno-economic size and operation. In this paper, hybrid energy storage consisting of batteries and supercapacitors is studied. The fact that the characteristic of batteries is mostly complementary to that of supercapacitors, hybridizing these storage systems enhances their scope of application in various fields. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to present an inclusive review of these applications. Specifically, the application domain includes: (1) regulation of renewable energy sources, (2) contributions to grid regulation (voltage and frequency compensation, contribution to power system inertia), (3) energy storage enhancements (life cycle improvement, and size reduction), (4) regenerative braking in electric vehicles, (5) improvement in wireless power transfer technology. Further, this review also descriptively highlights the control strategies implemented in these domains of applications. The application-oriented review explicates the principle advantages with the hybridization of battery and supercapacitor energy storage systems that can be used as an insight for further development in the field of energy storage technology and its applications.
Highlights
The application of batteries has come a long way since its inception, ranging from commercial electronic equipment, satellite applications, medical instrumentation, substation installation to the electrical circuitry of conventional vehicles
The sensor nodes of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are mostly inactive to achieve longer runtimes
Considering high resistance of battery energy storage system (BESS) a significant loss occurs due to sleep and leakage current, due to internal BESS impedance a sizable voltage drop is experienced at the activation instant of the node, limiting the required power to be extracted
Summary
The application of batteries has come a long way since its inception, ranging from commercial electronic equipment, satellite applications, medical instrumentation, substation installation to the electrical circuitry of conventional vehicles. With the introduction of green revolution owing to the rapid growth due ever-increasing energy consumption, increment in population and urbanization, the battery technology concurrently matured with it, paving its way and, establishing its prominence in power sector. Among various alternatives to fossil fuels, renewable energy sources (RES) and electric vehicles (EV). Energy storage systems (ESS), being multifaceted in their applications, form the foundation for technological advancement in RES and EV. In this field, several excellent discoveries and proposition have been made for the applications of batteries for RES output power stabilization, wireless RES power transfer, peak-shifting, Energies 2019, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW electricity market pricing and scheduling, grid voltage and frequency regulations, increasing RES toxic inertial emissions.contribution
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