A review on the performance of non-additive blended fuel (ethanol-gasoline) in spark ignition engines

Abstract

The use of effective fuel additives can improve fuel and engine efficiency, but some non-additive or incompatible additives can cause engine problems. Ethanol-gasoline blends offer advantages as an alternative to regular gasoline, but high-dose blends with non-additives can lead to issues such as deposits in the engine, increased combustion temperature, emissions, and power loss. This paper reviews various fuel additives and their impacts on engine performance. Early anti-knock additive based on organometallic compounds were used in the past but faced concerns regarding cost, legislation, health effects, and environment. Ethanol and other oxygenated additives have been used to increase research octane numbers, improve combustion and fuel economy. While ethanol has benefits of improved efficiency and reduced emissions, it is not considered an additive. Therefore, finding a chemical additive that enhances fuel efficiency, combustion, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions is crucial. This research aims to explore and provide solution in this area.