A Review on The Effect of The Ketogenic Diet on Health

Abstract

A ketogenic diet refers to a diet that produces ketones. A ketogenic diet mimics fasting metabolism without drastically reducing calories. In a Ketogenic diet, blood lipid metabolism is a major concern. In addition to inhibiting glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis, ketone bodies activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. As a result, KBs decrease glycolytic ATP production and promote mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, benefiting downstream metabolic pathways. Despite preserving strength, muscle mass, and resting metabolic rate, the very-low-calorie ketogenic diet reduces body weight, fat mass, and visceral fat. Ketogenic diets can cause hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypomagnesemia, and hyponatremia if consumed for an extended period of time. KD variants have been found to increase adherence, but further modifications must be made to enhance efficacy, and tolerability, and minimalize adverse effects, depending on the disease.