A Review on the Agricultural Waste Residues Management by Different Microbes

Abstract

Agricultural waste residues and current environmental issues like soil, water, and air pollution accumulate in the environment, causing pollution and deterioration of the environment across the globe. As a byproduct of its operations, agriculture creates a lot of trash. If crop wastes from agriculture and horticulture, such as plant biomass, are not adequately handled, the ecology could be harmed. This excludes grains, fruits, and pulses. The majority of agricultural waste is composed of residues like cellulose, lignin, chitin, keratin, and pectin, which can only be degraded by natural bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and actinomycetes that are competent for the task, furthermore, microbes play a significant role in the breakdown of different agricultural waste. To prevent environmental pollution, agriculture wastes are quickly processed by efficient native microbes that grow eco-friendly, inexpensive dynamic substrates from the field itself and create compost beds above ground level. Microbial cultures are added to the beds at intervals of four days, and the temperature and moisture are maintained. After 28 days, the material breakdown transforms into compost, and this finished product of microbial compost is applied to the vermicompost process to obtain vermicompost product. The use of microorganisms can have beneficial long-term environmental consequences on the ecosystem.