Abstract
Hydrogen fuel provided via green method is renewable and environmentally friendly. However, the lack of practical storage methods has restricted its use to such an extent that hydrogen storage is currently a crucial obstacle in the development of a hydrogen economy. For mobile applications hydrogen storage system needs to be lightweight and compact. Current technologies such as compressed gas or liquefied hydrogen have severe disadvantages especially in volumetric terms compared to fossil fuels and the storage of hydrogen in light weight solids could be the solution to further enhances the energy density of hydrogen tanks. This article reveals overview of novel solid hydrogen storage materials, highlighting their main advantages and drawbacks.
Highlights
The top and the most debated issue in the current world scenario is energy with a wide range of choices available in terms of fuel sources and technologies available
In hydrogen based system it is expected that a fuel cell takes hydrogen from solid state hydrogen storage device and in an electrochemical reaction it generates electricity and water is formed as a byproduct
Hydrogen storage properties of metal organic frameworks (MOFs)-5, a cubic three dimensional structure with Zn4O nodes at each corner of a cube coordinated by six terephthalate ions were investigated and it was found that MOF-5 shows a hydrogen storage capacity of 4.5 wt% at the temperature and pressure of 77 K and 0.8 bar respectively, whereas its capacity at room temperature and at a pressure of 20 bar was almost 1 wt%
Summary
The top and the most debated issue in the current world scenario is energy with a wide range of choices available in terms of fuel sources and technologies available. The combustion of hydrocarbon fuels for transportation and heating contributes over half of all greenhouse gas emissions and a large fraction of air pollutant emissions. As we know the key criteria for any fuel is its inexhaustibility, cleanliness, conveniences and independence from foreign control. Hydrogen posses all these properties and is well suited for both transportation and applications. Hydrogen is stored as compressed gas or as a cryogenic liquid. This kind of storage requires lot of space and bulky storage system. For mobile application hydrogen storing system needs to be lightweight and compact. To achieve this goal much attention is currently being given to storing hydrogen in solid state materials
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