Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is deregulation of the mucosal immune system, changes in the composition of gut micro flora and deranged epithelial barrier function.Crohn's disease is associated with a Th1-type immune response with production of TNF-?, interferon-gamma (IFN-?) and IL-12, whereas ulcerative colitis is associated with Th2 response with abundant IL-5 and IL-10. In a mouse model, Th1 cytokine responses resulted in the acute transmural and focal lesions; whereas Th2 cytokine responses resulted in diffuse atrophic changes in crypts and the mucosal layer. Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (1) Inducible colitis models: Exogenous colitogenic substance that disrupts the mucosal integrity(2) Gene knockout (KO) models: Abnormalities in production of regulatory cytokines (3) Transgenic models: Mice deficient in a transcription factor (4)Spontaneous colitis models: immunodeficient mouse strains created via gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. (5)Adoptive transfer models: Selective transfer of certain cell types to immunocompromised host animals affected by many immunological and genetic factors.
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