A review on role and use of gibberellic acid (GA3) in flower production

Abstract

The plant growth regulators consist of a large group of naturally occurring or synthetically produced organic chemicals and considered as helping tool in the modern production system of flowering plants. Plant growth regulators are being used by the commercial growers of ornamental plants as a part of cultural practice. Plant growth regulators have quicker impact on vegetative as well as flower yield of flowering crops. Among them, Gibberellic Acid (GA3) plays important role in flower production, quality and yield of the flower crops. The Gibberellic Acid (GA3) is a tetracyclic di-terpenoid compound and a plant hormone stimulating plant growth and development. GAs stimulate seed germination, trigger transitions from meristem to shoot growth, juvenile to adult leaf stage, vegetative to flowering, determines sex expression and grain development along with an interaction of different environmental factors viz., light, temperature and water. The production of flower with good quality flowers has greater importance. Their exogenous application helps to improve the different economically important and market desirable characteristics of flower plants. As it have various advantages like less time consuming to treat the plant and environment friendly. Use of growth regulators in flowering crops must be specific their action and toxicologically and environmentally safe. The physiological activities of flowering crops regulate by the application of growth regulators like GA3 has finally affect the growth and flower production in flowering crops. There are various factors contributing to the efficacy of plant growth regulators among them the method of application plays a key role in determining the effectiveness of plant growth regulators, as they can be effective if properly absorbed by plants. The physiological activities of flowering crops regulate by the application of growth regulators and finally affect the growth and flower production in flowering crops. In this review, we have summarised critically on the role and use of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) on flower production of commercial crops.