A Review on Recognition of Various Peroxidases

Abstract

Peroxidases, widespread in the biological world, are a kind of oxidoreductases important in biological antioxidant defense systems. For great potential value of them in physiology, biochemistry and treatment of industrial pollutants, etc., they receive extraordinary attention, and also a large number of peroxidases have been found and studied on the nature and catalytic properties of them to date. Especially, horseradish peroxidase is first found and given more researches on the protein structure, catalytic mechanism and practical applications, and even modified by gene engineering and protein engineering to improve its catalytic performance. In addition, also there are numerous peroxidases that are derived from various sources or used for catalytic oxidation of different substrates, which have many differences from horseradish peroxidase in amino acid composition, active site structure, catalytic characteristics and corresponding applications. To better study and selectively employ peroxidases as biocatalysts, it is critical to comprehensively recognize various peroxidases, so as to present a reference for the in-depth and accurate studies on them in the future. In this paper, various peroxidases usually focused by enzymologists are reviewed for better mastering the completed research work on them, understanding the main interests in them, and knowing the advantages and disadvantages of them. Moreover, the research aspects that hereafter may be focused on are prospected.