A Review on Quantum Computing and Security

Abstract

Modern encryption methods are built upon the fundamentally “uncomfortable” process of computing huge integers to their primes. However, current cryptography is vulnerable to both increases in processing power and the emergence of quickly reversing huge integer factorization in mathematics. Therefore, incorporating quantum physics into encryption is the solution, which leads to an assessment of quantum cryptography. The field of cryptography and security is undergoing significant change as a result of the potential of scalable quantum computing. In this theoretical paper, the authors examine the development of quantum computing. The authors continue by listing the current threats to cryptographic primitives. Readers can deduce knowledge of a variety of topics from this review article, including risks posed by quantum technologies to traditional cryptography, modern cryptography – private key cryptography, post-quantum cryptography, quantum key distribution, and effects on hash functions and post-quantum cryptography.