A review on prescribing patterns of antihypertensive drugs.

Noah Jarari,Jagannadha Rao Peela,Narasinga Rao,Laxmi Teja Peela,Abdul R Said,Ranjani Ramanujam,Ramesh Naidu Yedla,Avinash Kousik Rawal,Khaled A Ellafi,Syed Ibrahim Jamallulail,Dhilip Kumar Kandregula,Srikumar Shakila,Nagaraja Kumari Nelapalli,Anuradha Argi,Yupa Min,Kin Darli Tun

doi:10.1186/s40885-016-0042-0

Abstract

Hypertension continues to be an important public health concern because of its associated morbidity, mortality and economic impact on the society. It is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal complications. It has been estimated that by 2025, 1.56 billion individuals will have hypertension. The increasing prevalence of hypertension and the continually increasing expense of its treatment influence the prescribing patterns among physicians and compliance to the treatment by the patients. A number of national and international guidelines for the management of hypertension have been published. Since many years ago, diuretics were considered as the first-line drugs for treatment of hypertension therapy; however, the recent guidelines by the Joint National Commission (JNC8 guidelines) recommend both calcium channel blockers as well as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as first-line drugs, in addition to diuretics. Antihypertensive drug combinations are generally used for effective long-term management and to treat comorbid conditions. This review focuses on the antihypertensive medication utilization, their cost factors, adherence to treatment by patients, and physicians’ adherence to guidelines in prescribing medications in different settings including Indian scenario. The antihypertensive medication prescribing pattern studies help in monitoring, evaluation and necessary modifications to the prescribing habits to achieve rational and cost-effective treatment. Additionally, periodic updating of recommended guidelines and innovative drug formulations, and prescription monitoring studies help in rational use of antihypertensive drugs, which can be tailored to suit the patients' requirements, including those in the developing countries.

Highlights

Hypertension is the most common modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), stroke and renal failure [1]
Clinical evidence suggests that lowering blood pressure (BP) with antihypertensive drugs reduces the risk of
Joseph et al used Phadke’s criterion for assessment of appropriateness of prescribing. They observed that most patients were being treated with two or more drugs and calcium channel blockers (CCB) were most frequently prescribed antihypertensive medicines

Summary

Introduction

Hypertension is the most common modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), stroke and renal failure [1]. They observed that most patients were being treated with two or more drugs and CCBs were most frequently prescribed antihypertensive medicines. It has been noted that in India, the antihypertensive utilization pattern is in accordance with the international guidelines for treatment of hypertension.

Results

Conclusion