Abstract
Distortions of current and voltage waveforms from a sinusoidal shape are, not only a source of technical problems, but also have serious economic effects. Their occurrence is related to the common use of loads with nonlinear current-voltage characteristics. These are both high-power loads (most often power electronic switching devices supplying high-power drives), but also widely used low-power loads (power supplies, chargers, energy-saving light sources). The best way to eliminate these distortions is to use active power filters. The cost of these devices is relatively high. Therefore, scientists all over the world are conducting research aimed at developing techniques for the proper placement of these devices, in order to minimize their investment costs. The best solution to this problem is to use optimization techniques. This paper compares the methods and criteria used by the authors of publications dealing with this topic. The summary also indicates a possible direction for further work.
Highlights
Energies 2022, 15, 1175. https://Today, when we observe constantly increasing electricity consumption and extremely rapid technological progress, it is necessary to pay attention to responsible energy utilization
Of devices that distort current waveform has increased, harmonic include the elements of the power system, the currents of to theHigher level where it is sources necessary to control the participation of higher harmonics in the which are distorted from system
The first allows minimizing THDV in individual nodes, the second minimizes the active power filters (APFs) cost and the cost of power losses caused by higher harmonics, and the third is related to the Total demand distortion (TDD) of injected current at the point of common coupling (PCC)
Summary
Today, when we observe constantly increasing electricity consumption and extremely rapid technological progress, it is necessary to pay attention to responsible energy utilization. Of devices that distort current waveform (from the sinusoidal wave) has increased, harmonic include the elements of the power system, the currents of to theHigher level where it is sources necessary to control the participation of higher harmonics in the which are distorted from system. The distortion of the current and voltage waveforms in supply networks involves several unfavorable effects, the most important of which are [5,6,7]: power network overloads caused by an increase in the root mean square (RMS) value of the current, and an increase in losses in resistance elements; overload of neutral wire, caused by the summation of third-order harmonics, caused by single-phase loads; overload, vibration, and premature ageing of generators, transformers, and motors; overloads and premature ageing of capacitor banks intended for power factor correction; disruptions in the operation of sensitive loads; premature ageing of insulation; dangerous failures resulting from the occurrence of resonance phenomena; disruptions in communication networks and telephone lines; unjustified triggering of protection devices. There are no new studies on this topic, but it can be concluded that the increased share of nonlinear loads means that these losses are much greater
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