Abstract
Obesity is a serious health complication in almost every corner of the world. Excessive weight gain results in the onset of several other health issues such as type II diabetes, cancer, respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal disorders (especially osteoarthritis), and cardiovascular diseases. As allopathic medications and derived pharmaceuticals are partially successful in overcoming this health complication, there is an incessant need to develop new alternative anti-obesity strategies with long term efficacy and less side effects. Plants harbor secondary metabolites such as phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids and other specific compounds that have been shown to have effective anti-obesity properties. Nanoencapsulation of these secondary metabolites enhances the anti-obesity efficacy of these natural compounds due to their speculated property of target specificity and enhanced efficiency. These nanoencapsulated and naive secondary metabolites show anti-obesity properties mainly by inhibiting the lipid and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, suppression of adipogenesis and appetite, and enhancing energy metabolism. This review focuses on the plants and their secondary metabolites, along with their nanoencapsulation, that have anti-obesity effects, with their possible acting mechanisms, for better human health.
Highlights
In past few decades, overweight and obese cases among people of all age groups have become a serious health issue
Obesity is an ordinary underrated health disorder but is considered a serious public health issue globally, which leads to the emergence of other chronic health disorders
This review summarizes the natural products in plant extract(s)/isolated or purified compound(s) and the nanomedicine-enhanced effect of these natural compounds to reduce the comorbidities related to obesity
Summary
Overweight and obese cases among people of all age groups have become a serious health issue. ATchidessfyrnotmhegsliuscoofselipaniddseasntedriffiacttaytioacnidofstfhreosme lgipluidcossientaontdrigelsytecerirfiidceastifoonr sotforthageseeinliapdidipsoisnetotistsruigelycaceursiedseosbfeosritsyto[1r3a]g.eOinn tahdeioptohseer thisasnude, lipases, mainly secreted from the different regions of the gastrointestinal tract, are mainly involved in the digestion of fatty acids, phospholipids and triglycerides and hydrolyze. Lipases, mainly secreted from the different r3eogfi2o8ns of the gastrointestinal tract, are mainly involved in the digestion of fatty acids, phospholipids and triglycerides and hydrolyze them into monoglycerides. These monoglycerides thfeomrmincthoymlomonicorgolnyscearniddetsh.eTmhiecseellmarosntrougcltyucreeriwdietshfsourgmarcsh, ylylsoompihcorospnhs aatniddicthaecimd aicnedllabrile stsrualcttsu. Regulation of all of these factors imparts a beneficial effect in preventing obesity with the help of natural products that are secondary metabolites obtained from plants.
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