Abstract
The bio-radar system can measure vital signals accurately, by using the Doppler effect principle, which relates the received signal properties to the distance change between the radar antennas and the subject chest-wall. These systems have countless applications, from short range detection to assist in rescue missions, to long-term applications as for the continuous sleeping monitoring. Once the main applications of these systems intend to monitor subjects during long periods of time and under noisy environments, it is impossible to guarantee the patient immobilization, hence its random motion, as well as other clutter sources, will interfere in the acquired signals. Therefore, the signal processing algorithms developed for these applications have been facing several challenges regarding the random motion detection and mitigation. In this paper, an extended review on the already implemented methods is done, considering continuous wave radars. Several sources of random motion are considered, along with different approaches to compensate the distortions caused by them.
Highlights
The contactless measurement of bio-signals has the potential to improve many areas
Experimental tests were conducted inside an anechoic chamber and the results showed more accuracy in the respiratory signal acquisition when the antenna beam is directed to the best detection angle
Non-contact system for vital signals measurements such as the so called Bio-Radar, is a promising tool for the enhancement of healthcare systems and can be integrated in other systems to improve people life style, as well. It can be seen as a research field that have been deeply studied by many researchers
Summary
The contactless measurement of bio-signals has the potential to improve many areas. In the medical field, among many other applications, it can be highlighted the continuous monitoring of vital signals in bedridden patients, as in the burn units in hospitals, where physical contact with the patient is totally discouraged. It is possible to define the Bio-Radar system as a technology capable to acquire vital signals, such as the respiratory signal and the cardiac signal, without interfering directly with the patient For this purpose, it uses electromagnetic waves, which are transmitted towards to the chest-wall of the subject under monitoring, and the reflected echo is received. The research in this area is even more focused on the development of systems with features that guarantee low power, small dimensions, better accuracy, long range detection and more robust operation With this in mind, in [10] a bio-radar implementation was proposed using a front-end based on a Software Defined Radio (SDR) system. The conclusion is presented regarding the overall analysis, along with some challenges for future work
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