A Review on Medication Adherence on Antiretroviral Therapy in South East Asia

Abstract

As of 2018, receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) was 23.3 million patients with HIV, with 2 million of those people coming from countries in South-East Asian nations, according to the WHO. According to the Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics, and Policy, South East Asia has the world's third-largest HIV pandemic as well as the highest TB burden, accounting for more than a quarter of all HIV infections. Numerous investigations have demonstrated how healthcare professionals may influence patients' medication-taking habits for the better if they persistently and frequently discuss the advantages of ART adherence at each annual checkup, monitor adherence-related clinical markers including viral load, identify adherence hurdles, offer adherence support services, and inform patients of additional therapies that can enhance adherence and lower the risk of problems. Because of varying social ramifications, a wide range of psychological traits, and cultural differences, it is challenging to evaluate Southeast Asians' adherence to antiretroviral medication. The researchers came to the conclusion that self-management, educational intervention, cognitive and adaptive abilities, peer support, and frequent clinic visits are the key characteristics that contribute to medication adherence to antiretroviral drugs in the majority of Southeast Asian nations. Southeast Asian nations suffer from societal consequences including discrimination and stigma, a lack of assistance from the government, and insufficient access to medicine and religion. The desire to continue taking the drug affects adherence to antiretroviral treatment. These claimed causes include forgetfulness, having a full schedule, being strapped for cash, avoiding side effects, and having trouble understanding directions. Given the aforementioned facts, successful management of antiretroviral medication adherence necessitates individual, social, and medical measures.