Abstract
Fetal acidosis is one of the main concerns during labor. Currently, fetal blood sampling (FBS) has become the most accurate measurement of acidosis detection. However, it is invasive and does not provide a real time measurement due to laboratory procedures. Delays in diagnosis of acidosis have caused serious injury to the fetus, especially for the brain and the heart. This paper reviews the new technique in diagnosis of acidosis non-invasively. Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy (MIS) has been proposed to be a new device for acidosis detection in recent years. This paper explains the basic principle of MIS and outlines the design specifications and design considerations for a MIS pH probe. It is expected that readers will gain a basic understanding of the development of a MIS pH probe from this review.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilMaternal and child health are critical factors to consider during the labor and delivery process
The beta dispersion region occurs at the frequency range where dipolar polarization first, followed by (b) interfacial, (c) dipolar relaxations, (d) atomic, and (e) electronic increasing frequency is applied to biological matter
It is believed that Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy (MIS) has a high potential to be a novel assessment tool for the fetal acidosis monitoring system
Summary
Intrapartum or the transition period of labor is part of birth stress in which the fetus is compromised, receiving insufficient oxygen supply from placental circulation. It may create an extreme condition to the fetus either gradually or suddenly during the transition from maternal–fetal umbilical respiratory gas exchange to fetal lung activation [5]. Fetal acidosis or intrauterine hypoxia refers to a condition of deprived short supply of oxygen below the physiologic level of normal blood, which is defined as pH ≤ 7.25 [1,6,7]
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