A Review on Drone-Based Data Solutions for Cereal Crops

Optimization of monitoring network system for Eco safety on Internet of Things platform and environmental food supply chain

Blockchain: a framework for membership and access

Digitalising food manufacturing

Due to the dynamic nature of the food supply chain system, food supply management could suffer because of, and be interrupted by, unforeseen events. Considering the perishable nature of fresh food products and their short life cycle, fresh food companies feel immense pressure to adopt an efficient and proactive risk management system. The risk management aspects within the food supply chains have been addressed in several studies. However, only a few studies focus on the complex interactions between the various types of risks impacting food supply chain functionality and dynamic feedback effects, which can generate a reliable risk management system. This paper strives to contribute to this evident research gap by adopting a system dynamics modelling approach to generate a systemic risk management model. The system dynamics model serves as the basis for the simulation of risk index values and can be explored in future work to further analyse the dynamic risk’s effect on the food supply chain system’s behaviour. According to a literature review of published research from 2017 to 2021, nine different risks across the food supply chain were identified as a subsection of the major risk categories: macro-level and operational risks. Following this stage, two of the risk groups identified first were integrated with a developed system dynamics model to conduct this research and to evaluate the interaction between the risks and the functionality of the three main dairy supply chain processes: production, logistics, and retailing. The key findings drawn from this paper can be beneficial for enhancing managerial discernment regarding the critical role of system dynamics models for analysing various types of risks across the food supply chain process and improving its efficiency.

By 2050, the world's population will have increased by 34%, to more than 9 billion people, needing a 70% increase in food production. Prepare more dishes with fewer ingredients. Therefore, the critical goal of manufacturers is to increase production while being ecologically benign. Supply chain systems that do not enable direct farmer-to-consumer connection and rising input costs influence data collection, security, and sharing. Constraints on data security, manipulation, and single-point failure are unfulfilled due to a lack of centralized IoT agricultural infrastructure. To address these issues, the article proposes a blockchain-based IoT model. This study also shows one-of-a-kind energy savings. The decentralization of data storage improves the supply chain's transparency and quality through blockchain technology, thus farmers can engage more efficiently. Blockchain technology improves supply chain traceability and security. This article provides a transparent, decentralized blockchain tracking solution and proposes an intelligent model protocol for several Internet of Things (IoT) devices that monitor crop development and the agricultural environment. A new approach has resolved the bulk of the supply chain difficulties. Smart contracts were utilized to organize all transactions in decentralized supply networks. The use of blockchain technology improves transaction quality, and customers may verify the legitimacy of an item's authenticity and legality by using the system. A total of 100 IoT nodes were distributed randomly to each 500 m2 cluster farm. The Internet of Things nodes were used to assess soil moisture, temperature, and crop disease. Network stability period and network life of the proposed method show 90.4% accuracy. The food supply chain will be more efficient and trustworthy with an intelligent model. The immutability of ledger technology and smart contract support further increases supply chain security, privacy, transparency, and trust among all stakeholders in the multi-party system. By 2050, the world's population will need a 70% increase in food production. The food supply chain will be more efficient and trustworthy with an intelligent model. This article provides a transparent, decentralized, and intelligent model protocol for several Internet of Things (IoT) devices.

This paper disputes describing a solution to solve safety, quality and traceability problems in food products by providing healthy electronic food networks based on Blockchain technology and internet of things (IoT). The delivery and use of fake food reaches thousands every year, and the system of fake foodstuffs and stakeholders in the food supply chain (FSC) system are not subject to appropriate conflict measures. The current status of food items is recorded at anytime and anywhere with the goal of ensuring the validity of information sources by means of IoT devices. The framework has also realized that data exchange and storage in any stage of the supply chain are enabled by Blockchain supplier ledger technology to ensure that data are available, traceable and unimpaired. It will become evident directly at any point on the network that unsafe food is identified and its further access blocked. The FSC is replicated with a Hyperledger fabric platform and compares its performance with other methods which effectively improve data transparency, enhance food safety and reduce manual operation.

Purpose This study aims to investigate the transformative potential of blockchain technology in enhancing financial cost accounting and profit coordination in food sourcing and supply chain systems by addressing key challenges such as data credibility, integrity and information asymmetry. Design/methodology/approach The research develops a blockchain-based cost accounting framework specifically tailored for the food supply chain. It introduces a dual-contract coordination mechanism that combines joint revenue-sharing and cost apportionment. A detailed case study involving Z Food Company is conducted to empirically test and validate the proposed model. Findings The analysis reveals a blockchain application cost threshold of 8.17 million yuan, below which overall system profitability reaches 14.16 million yuan. This represents a 33.6% profit increase compared to traditional decentralized decision-making approaches. The proposed mechanism employs an income-sharing coefficient (e) and a cost-apportionment coefficient (s), facilitating synchronized profit optimization for producers and retailers and achieving Pareto efficiency. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature by providing a novel, blockchain-based methodological approach to financial cost accounting and supply chain profit coordination. It offers significant managerial insights into how blockchain can effectively mitigate persistent issues in traditional food supply chains, thus enhancing overall operational efficiency and transparency.

Quality assurance and food safety are the most problem that the consumers are special care. To solve this problem, the enterprises must improve their food supply chain management system. In addition to tracking and storing orders and deliveries, it also ensures transparency and traceability of food production and transportation. This is a big challenge that the food supply chain system using the client-server model cannot meet with the requirements. Blockchain was first introduced to provide distributed records of digital currency exchanges without reliance on centralized management agencies or financial institutions. Blockchain is a disruptive technology that can improve supply chain related transactions, enable to access data permanently, data security, and provide a distributed database. In this paper, we propose a method to design a food supply chain management system base on Blockchain technology that is capable of bringing consumers' trust in food traceability as well as providing a favorable supply and transaction environment. Specifically, we design a system architecture that is capable of controlling and tracking the entire food supply chain, including production, processing, transportation, storage, distribution, and retail. We propose the KDTrace system model and the Channel of KDTrace network model. The Smart contract between the organizations participating in the transaction is implemented in the Channel of KDTrace network model. Therefore, our supply chain system can decrease the problem of data explosion, prevent data tampering and disclosure of sensitive information. We have built a prototype based on Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain. Through the prototype, we demonstrated the effectiveness of our method and the suitability of the use cases in a supply chain. Our method that uses Blockchain technology can improve efficiency and security of the food supply chain management system compared with traditional systems, which use a clientserver model.

AI-enabled devices, 311 EE and attitude toward, 240 emergence of industry 5. 0 and role of, 21-22 marketing, 197 Attitude toward act/behavior (ATB), 250 Attitude toward artificial intelligence, 233, 235-236 Augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF test), 224, 226 Augmented reality (AR), 23, 197 for marketing, 197 Automated Teller Machines (ATM), 40 Automation, 19, 190 strategies to enhance automations in industry 5.0, 20-21 Average variance extracted values (AVE values), 257 Banking and Financial Institutions Act, 183 Banking industry, 40, 294 at age of industry 5.0, 303-304 challenge of rising costs, 302 challenges faced by banks in adoption of AI and blockchain, 301-303 current applications of AI and blockchain in, 296-301 employment challenges, 301 ethical challenges, 302 methodology, 295-296 performance challenges, 301 regulatory challenges, 302-303 security, privacy, and trust challenges, 302 Banking services, 41 Banks, 280, 294 technological know-how within, 43-45 Barclays, 297 Bartlett's test, 109 of sphericity,

Food security protocols to understand rapid changes in the food supply chain system, food recipes and habitat attract significant attention in the developing world. Our environment is surrounded with various contaminants which make our food supply chain weaker by harming food commodities and have a direct impact on human health in the form of food poisoning or other adverse effects. The food industry requires large amounts of money to control and monitor different unhealthy analytes in food attributes and, consequently, faces huge losses in managing extra work to detect specific contaminant causing agents by conventional methods, as these are time consuming and require specific sophisticated instruments, trained professionals and laborious protocol steps. To overcome this, nanotechnology plays a crucial role in solving food security and supply chain issues regarding the detection of contaminants like pathogens and toxin producing microorganisms, heavy metals, adulterants, additives, fertilizers and pesticide residue compositions in different food samples. In this chapter, the authors deeply discuss the application of different nanosensors to analyze and monitor the mentioned contaminants in different food samples during processing, storage and supply chains. Furthermore, potentiometric/calorimetry/amperometric/ion sensitive, HCR biosensors developed by using nanoparticles like metal oxide/silver nanoparticles/quantum dots/carbon nanotubes and their mechanisms are also discussed in detail. In addition, all applications are discussed highlighting the action and basic principles of nanosensors, advantages, simplicity and specificity with the sensitivity with different food samples. Moreover, the integration of nanosensors with artificial intelligence in order to analyze and ensure food safety is discussed.

Enablers to achieve zero hunger through IoT and blockchain technology and transform the green food supply chain systems

PurposeFood supply chain resilience is a critical aspect in ensuring the continuous and reliable flow of food, particularly in the face of disruptions. This study aims to address specific gaps in the existing literature by conducting a bibliometric analysis. The primary objective is to identify key areas of concern and lacunae related to disruptions and resilience within the food supply chain. The study also strives to contribute to the field by developing a comprehensive framework that evaluates the factors influencing resilience. Furthermore, the research intends to propose effective strategies for mitigating and recovering from disruptions, emphasizing the urgency of these measures in light of identified gaps in the current body of literature.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve these objectives, the authors extracted the most relevant papers from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. The analysis parameters included a comprehensive review of current food supply chain practices and an exploration of trending research topics, such as sustainability, adaptability, circular economy and agility. Notably, the study recognized the pervasive impact of COVID-19 on food supply chain disruptions, with a high occurrence in the literature. Using advanced analytics tools like VOSviewer and Biblioshiny, the research delved into the role of modern technologies, including Industry 4.0, the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and blockchain in addressing disruptions and enhancing resilience.FindingsThe research reveals a significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food supply chain disruptions, underscoring the critical need for strategies to bolster resilience. Notably, the study identifies the pivotal role of modern technologies (Industry 4.0, IoT, AI, ML and blockchain) in mitigating disruptions and enhancing resilience in the food supply chain. The bibliometric analysis conducted through VOSviewer and Biblioshiny provides valuable insights into research trends and focal areas within the literature.Practical implicationsThe observed importance of Industry 4.0, IoT, AI, ML and blockchain implies a practical need for integrating these technologies into food supply chain operations. Moreover, the paper discusses strategies for reducing the impact caused by disruptions, providing practical guidance for resilience planning in food supply chains. Researchers can leverage the findings to direct future efforts toward areas with identified gaps and opportunities, fostering advancements in the field and offering practical insights for real-world applications.Originality/valueBy amalgamating insights from bibliometric analysis and the developed framework, this study contributes to a holistic understanding of the challenges and opportunities in fortifying the resilience of the food supply chain. The identified factors and strategies offer valuable insights for researchers and practitioners seeking to address disruptions in food supply chains. The study’s unique contribution lies in bridging theoretical perspectives with practical applications, enhancing the relevance of business-to-business/industrial supply chain theories.

Evaluating risk of IoT adoption in the food supply chain using an integrated interval-valued spherical fuzzy generalised TODIM method

Connecting food supply chains

The supply chain systems in the food industry are complex, including manufacturers, dealers, and customers located in different areas. Currently, there is a lack of transparency in the distribution and transaction processes of online food trade. The global food supply chain industry has enormous hurdles because of this problem, as well as a lack of trust among individuals in the sector and a reluctance to share information. This study aims to develop a blockchain-based strawberry supply chain (SSC) framework to create a transparent and secure system for tracking the movement of strawberries from the farm to the consumer. Using Ethereum smart contracts, the proposed solution monitors participant interactions, triggers events, and logs transactions to promote transparency and informed decision-making. The smart contracts also govern interactions between vendors and consumers, such as monitoring the status of Internet of Things (IoT) containers for food supply chains and notifying consumers. The proposed framework can be extended to other supply chain industries in the future to increase transparency and immutability.