A Review on decomposition of Paddy Straw Improved Soil Health in Chatra District, India

Abstract

The present study showed that rice straw could be efficiency exploited for conservation of soil nutrient under rice ecosystem through proper decomposition techniques. ice straw is an ideal bulking agent for manure compost due to its high C:N ratio, which can help maintain the ideal 25:1 of the compost. This C:N ratio maximizes N immobilization and substrate adsorption, which minimizes losses by volatilization and leaching. N losses from proper composting may be as low as 13% of the original feedstock N. Front line demonstration was conducted during the years 2014-15, 2015-16, 2016-17 in NICRA adopted village Mardanpur in Arra Panchyat of Chatra Block in Chatra district of Jharkhand. The study was conducted to assess the effects of decomposition of paddy stable on productivity and profitability with soil health in local farming system as well as extra pollution of the technology to similar micro farming situation. The experiment consisting of two technology option TO-I: (Farmers Practice) Burning of paddy stable in field and collecting paddy stable for use as fuel of cooking and after onset of monsoon field prepare and transplant rice (Variety-Abhishek) with N80P60K30 TO-II: Decomposition of paddy stable 4.5q/ha after onset of monsoon in the month of June through rotovator and transplanted rice (Variety – Abhishek) with N60P45K23 in RBD design with 20 replication. The result showed that an average grain and straw yield of rice was 25q/ha and 74.80 q/ha in farmers practice in technology option TO-I where as technology option (TO-II) i.e. 28.33 q/ha and 98.84 q/ha respectively. Return for rupee spent was also higher i.e. 2.40 in TO-II as compared to farmers practice i.e. 1.85 (TO-I). It is due to (25%) reduction of chemical fertilizer in technology option (TO-II). The rationale behind selection of technology option (TO-II) was disseminate scientific recommendations i.e. decomposition of paddy straw or stable to demonstrate  farmers, convincing the benefit of decomposition in the place of burning paddy straw or stable in field. The data on soil chemical analysis before and after decomposition, yield and economic was recorded.