A Review on Current Scenario of 2019-nCoV and Its Treatments

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus emerged in December 2019 and then spread rapidly worldwide, particularly from Wet Market of Wuhan City, Hubei ProVince, People’s Republic of China, caused a highly contagious disease, Novel Coronavirus Disease or COVID-19. World Health Organisation (WHO) declared Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak as pandemic on 12th March, 2020. Reproduction Number (Ro) of SARS-CoV-2 virus ranges from 2.47-2.86. Incubation period of nCoV varies from 2-14 days based on age, gender, and other physiological conditions. Based on current published evidence, the most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever (87.9%), cough (67.7%), fatigue (38.1%), diarrhoea (3.7%), and vomiting (5.0%) but Pneumonia, Multi Organ Dysfunction and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) or Death may occur in severe stages of infection.A study on phylogenetic analysis from Wuhan Institute of Virology showed 96.2% similarity in genome sequencing between SARS-CoV-2 and Bat Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-RaTG13).Coronaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses (having 60-140 nm diameter) with four different types (α, β, δ, γ Coronavirus Strains). Usually, β-Coronavirus Strains are responsible for human to human transmission during COVID-19 infection. At present no specific antiviral drugs or vaccines are available for 2019-nCoV except some supportive cares but scientists are constantly struggling to develop. This review systematically summarizes the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, isolation, treatment, prevention, controlof COVID-19and its future perspective also. It is hoped that this review will help the public to recognize and deal with SARS-CoV-2, and provide a reference for future studies.