A REVIEW ON COVID-19: ORIGIN, SYMPTOMS, PRECAUTION, AND RECENT UPDATE OF COVID-19 AND DATABASE SURVEY OF EIGHT COUNTRIES ON PANDEMIC CORONAVIRUS DISEASE

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a communicable disease caused with newly discovered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus that causes COVID-19 is mainly transmitted through droplets generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales. These droplets are too heavy to suspend in the air and quickly fall on floors or surfaces. Persons can be infected by touching contaminated surface and then to touching their eyes, nose, or mouth. This disease since December 2019 when first was identified spread globally, resulting in the on-going 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic. As of May 8, 2020, more than 3,916,338 cases have been reported across 185 countries and territories, resulting in more than 270,711 deaths. More than 1,343,054 people have recovered. The purpose of this review article was to study preventive and measurable actions implemented by the respective countries nationwide to prevent COVID-19’s severity, spread, and mortality. The most affected nations were the USA, Spain, Italy, the UK, France, and Germany, and less affected India, whereas countries like New Zealand were not much affected. To this date, India was able to control spread of COVID-19 due to early measurable preventive control on this disease. The study including recovered rate of disease, growth rate of disease, and mortality rate was carried out for these countries. The study proved that measurable actions such as lockdown imposing and social distance maintenance were effective to prevent spread of COVID-19 and would be effective, as currently, there is no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for this.