A Review on Climate Change and Hydrological Models

Abstract

Various ongoing researches are there on topics like which model will give more compatible results with that of observed discharges. It was argued that even complex modeling does not provide better results. Rainfall-runoff models are classified based on model input and parameters and the extent of physical principles applied in the model. This paper discussed various climate change and Hydrological models. Majorly, there are three types of models such as: Empirical model, conceptual mode and physical model. Empirical model is observation oriented models which take only the information from the existing data without considering the features and processes of hydrological system and hence these models are also called data driven models. Conceptual model (parametric models) describes all of the component hydrological processes. And physical model is a mathematically idealized representation of the real phenomenon. Global Climate Models (GCMs) have grown from the Atmospheric General Circulation Models (AGCMs) broadly used for daily weather prediction. It has been used for a range of applications, including investigating interactions between processes of the climate system, simulating evolution of the climate system, and providing projections of future climate states under scenarios that might vary the evolution of the climate system. Hydrological models are mainly used for predicting system behavior and understanding various hydrological processes. A model consists of various parameters that define the characteristics of the model. SWAT is a semi-empirical and semi-physical model. Key w ords: Climate change, GCM, Hydrology, SWAT DOI: 10.7176/APTA/87-01 Publication date: January 31 st 2023