Abstract
Chitosan is a second most abundant naturally occurring polysaccharide after cellulose derived from chitin which commercially produced from seafood shells, fungi (Aspergillus and mucus) and also from algae by alkaline deacetylation of chitin. It is bio adhesive, biocompatible, biodegradable, organic molecule. Chitosan has wide spread application in agriculture. Chitosan acts as bio-stimulant which upon application to plants stimulates photosynthetic rate, enhances antioxidant production, increases tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Chitosan causes hydrolysis of peptidoglycan of microbes resulting to death of microbes. Recent studies have shown that chitosan induces mechanisms in plants against various biotic and abiotic stresses and helps in formation of barriers that enhances plant's productivity.This paper takes a closer look at the genesis, structural alteration and physiological responses of chitosan foliar applications on plants.As, Abiotic stresses is an important multidimensional environment stresses that damage plant’s physiology, biochemical propertIes and Molecular traits. Chitosan help to combat abiotic and biotic stresses.
Highlights
Chitosan is a natural biopolymer molecule which is second most abundant extracted by deacetylation of chitin
Chitosan is a second most abundant naturally occurring polysaccharide after cellulose derived from chitin which commercially produced from seafood shells, fungi (Aspergillus and mucus) and from algae by alkaline deacetylation of chitin
Chitosan acts as bio-stimulant which upon application to plants stimulates photosynthetic rate, enhances antioxidant production, increases tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses
Summary
Chitosan is a natural biopolymer molecule which is second most abundant extracted by deacetylation of chitin. Activity of Chitosan are predominantly dependent on its degree of deacetylation, molecular weight and pH of solution (Xu et al.2007). The glucosamine backbone of Chitosan Contain Amine group which offers the opportunity to form complex of Chitosan with negative charge DNA molecule (Zhao et al 2011) which help in transcriptional regulation. It is used as Nanoparticle (Zhau et al 2014). Advanced development of chitosan hydrogels has led to new drug delivery systems that can release their active ingredients in response to environmental stimuli (Hamedi et al 2016)
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