A review on biomass and wind as renewable energy for sustainable environment

Abstract

As the population is increasing at a rapid pace, we now find ourselves in a position where cities are using a growing amount of renewable energy. Renewable energy is the key to help avert climate change and this approach must be sustainable. At the juncture, this review analyses the potential of wind, biomass and hybrid systems in the field of renewable energy production. Initially, the manuscript addressed the feedstocks and their potential for different biofuels such as bioethanol, biodiesel, biomethane, biohydrogen and biohythane from the biomass. With a focus on long-term energy sustainability, this article investigates performance analysis and sustainability of wind energy systems and biomass-based hybrid configurations with wind and its various design factors, problems, and gaps were examined. According to the findings, biomass-based hybrid energy systems can provide a cost-effective and environmentally beneficial alternative, particularly for off-grid rural electrification. The study provides designers, academicians, and policymakers with vital information on the most recent design restrictions and other factors related to biomass-wind hybrid energy systems.