A REVIEW ON ḤARĀRAT-E-GHARĪZIYYA (INNATE HEAT): A KEY CONCEPT IN THE UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE

Abstract

The Unani system of medicine is based on certain fundamental principles and concepts. One such concept is Ḥarārat-e-gharīziyya which is known as innate heat. According to Jalinoos and Razi, innate heat is an elemental heat that is produced by the Unsur-i-istihala (metabolism) of the human body. Ibn Sina considered it heavenly heat, which is gifted by God. According to Allama Ghilani, in human beings, the intermixing of elements results in the production of heat. As long as this heat remains in moderation, it is known as Ḥarārat-e-gharīziyya. It is the body’s natural heat generated from blood, which is a substance of Ḥarārat-e-gharīziyya. It requires rooh, which is produced from external air during respiration and is preserved by rutubat ghareeziyyah. It acts as a tool (machine) for tabiyat, which is considered the ultimate power in regulating and maintaining the functions performed by all organs of the body through various quwa (faculties). It is essential for the normal functioning of organs with respect to temperament and structure and for the maintenance of life in the body. Any morbidity or excess immoderation in Ḥarārat-e-gharīziyya or its constituents causes illness and disease. Hence, its extinction means the extinction of life, i.e., the death of a person. This paper aims to explain the concept and importance of Ḥarārat-e-gharīziyya for maintenance of health and the factors which affect and corrupt it; evaluated as well.