Abstract
In recent decades, vegetable oils as a potential replacement for petrochemical materials have been extensively studied. Tall oil (crude tall oil, distilled tall oil, tall oil fatty acids, and rosin acids) is a good source to be turned into polymeric materials. Unlike vegetable oils, tall oil is considered as lignocellulosic plant biomass waste and is considered to be the second-generation raw material, thus it is not competing with the food and feed chain. The main purpose of this review article is to identify in what kind of polymeric materials wood biomass-based fatty acids and rosin acids have been applied and their impact on the properties.
Highlights
The success of plastics as a commodity has been significant and polymer materials are a part of everyday life
crude tall oil (CTO) is obtained by delignification process liberating lignin from the wood in cellulose pulp mills [16]
Burges in the 1850s to extract cellulose fibres from lignin along with fatty acids and rosin acids which was grounded on use of sodium hydroxide solution as a cooking liquor [18]
Summary
The success of plastics as a commodity has been significant and polymer materials are a part of everyday life. The advantages of polymers over other materials can be attributed to their adjustable properties, low cost and ease of processing. Renewable natural resources are a suitable feedstock of polymer precursors that can be appropriately modified to make new materials with various types of functionalities and adjustable properties [3]. Plant-based oils are considered as a source of bio-based feedstock for material production. I.e., rosin acids (RA) and tall oil fatty acids (TOFA), can be used in several different ways. TO and TO rosin have been applied to improve the hydrophobicity of wood and wood-based products [11,12]. TO has several more traditional applications, demand for bio-based polymers increases every year. Simple chemical modifications of TO main components, TOFA and RA, can be used in polymer production. This review article is focused on the latest research in this area
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