A Review of Turbulent-Boundary-Layer Heat Transfer Research at Stanford, 1958-1983

Abstract

The chapter presents the early phases of the program, in that the topics considered are the simple zero-pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layer with constant and with varying surface temperature, and then the accelerated negative-pressure boundary layer. The chapter introduces the concept of the equilibrium boundary layer and some of the consequences of this concept, because the program thereafter is very much centered around equilibrium boundary layers and a study of particular deliberate departures from equilibrium. The chapter explains the transpired boundary layer. A series of projects covered the entire spectrum of blowing and suction with constant free-stream velocity and with strong acceleration. Equilibrium adverse-pressure-gradient boundary layers with and without transpiration are considered in the chapter. The chapter explores the effect of buoyancy forces transverse to the main flow direction. This covered the full range of states between pure forced convection and pure free convection. The chapter concludes that a computation model that has been developed over most of the life of the program and is essentially a single, continuous mixing-length model that will satisfactorily reproduce all the experimental data prior to the film-cooling and curvature projects.