A Review of Transformer Losses

Abstract

This article presents an extensive survey of current research on the transformer loss problem, particularly from the view of practical engineering applications. It reveals that the transformer loss problem remains an active research area. This article classified the transformer loss problem into three main groups: (a) tank losses due to high-current bushings, (b) losses in transformer core joints, and (c) stray losses in the transformer tank. It is based on over 50 published works, which are all systematically classified. The methods, the size of transformers, and other relevant aspects in the different works are discussed and presented.