Abstract
AbstractThis paper is the second part of a two-part paper that presents a wide-ranging review of train aerodynamics. Part 1 presented a detailed description of the flow field around the train and identified a number of flow regions. The effect of cross winds and flow confinement was also discussed. Based on this basic understanding, this paper then addresses a number of issues that are of concern in the design and operation of modern trains. These include aerodynamic resistance and energy consumption, aerodynamic loads on trackside structures, the safety of passengers and trackside workers in train slipstreams, the flight of ballast beneath trains, the overturning of trains in high winds and the issues associated with trains passing through tunnels. Brief conclusions are drawn regarding the need to establish a consistent risk based framework for aerodynamic effects.
Highlights
This paper is the second of a two part review of Train Aerodynamics
The problem of ballast flight beneath trains is one that has made itself felt very forcibly over recent years, with a variety of events occurring on high speed lines, where ballast has been lifted from the track, seemingly by aerodynamic effects, and caused considerable damage to train under bodies and tracks
Concluding Remarks It can be seen from the material presented in earlier sections that the range of train aerodynamic problems is extremely diverse, and the range of methodologies required to address these problems is diverse
Summary
This paper is the second of a two part review of Train Aerodynamics. This paper builds on this consideration of the flow fields around trains to consider a number of current applications of train aerodynamics. As in Part 1 of this paper what follows draws on the work of previous reviews (1) (2) (3), the CEN codes of practice (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) and the Infrastructure and Rolling Stock TSIs (9) (10)
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