Abstract
Biomass is currently considered the most common form of renewable energy. A biomass gasifier is an incomplete combustion with a controlled amount of oxygen at high pressure and temperature. It is one of the thermochemical processes to convert organic biomass to fuel gases or a syn-gas, is a mixture of CO, H2, CH4, and CO2. Generally, types of biomass gasifiers are updraft gasifiers, downdraft gasifiers, and cross draft gasifiers. There is much research on biomass gasifiers that studied on characteristics and performance of the biomass gasifier, including various parameters such as equivalence ratio and gasification temperature. This review article focuses on the design of the small biomass gasifier for thermal efficiency. The characteristics of biomass that affect the design and operation of the gasifier are also included in this work. The results of this research will guide the design as well as the construction of a small biomass gasifier for optimal heating applications.
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