A review of the recent research progress on risk factors of lung cancer

Abstract

As a malignant tumor, Lung cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. Various risk factors can cause lung cancer, of which the etiological structure is complicated and the specific mechanism has not been clarified yet. In this paper, the author reviews the recent research progress on risk factors of lung cancer, and conclusions can be drawn that smoking is currently the main risk factor causing lung cancer. The risk of developing lung cancer for smokers is 22 times higher than that of non-smokers. Another risk factor is known as indoor air pollution such as formaldehyde released by furniture and household air pollution (HAP). The majority of recent investigations confirm that indoor air pollution is connected to the development of lung cancer. In addition, previous research has also demonstrated a connection between lung cancer and a number of respiratory illnesses, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Moreover, a family history of tumors can also be a risk factor, for both men and women are at an increased risk of developing lung cancer if there is a history of the disease in close relatives. What is more, recent research also proves that the intake of fruits and vegetables can lower the incidence of lung cancer.