A Review of the Processes and Procedures of Road Traffic Accident Mortality Data Collection in Zambia

Abstract

Road traffic crashes (RTCs) pose significant public health challenges globally, leading to millions of deaths, injuries and disabilities each year. Low- and middle-income countries, including Zambia, bear a disproportionate burden of RTC fatalities and injuries. However, the collection and accuracy of RTC data in Zambia are hampered by various challenges, including underreporting and inadequate data collection procedures. Strengthening RTC data collection systems is crucial to accurately understand the magnitude of the problem and implement effective measures to reduce RTC fatalities and injuries. This article presents a review of RTC mortality data collection processes and procedures in Zambia, focusing on the key stakeholders involved, namely the Zambia Police Service, Health Care Facilities, and the Department of National Registration, Passports and Citizenship. The study identifies key challenges such as paper-based records, inadequate training, resource limitations, varying case definitions, and low death registration rates. The research emphasizes the need to strengthen data systems and improve coordination among stakeholders. Recommendations include establishing a multidisciplinary road crash data analysis team, utilizing technology for data collection and analysis, providing training and capacity building, conducting public awareness campaigns, and enhancing collaboration between the police, hospitals and Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS). Implementing these recommendations is crucial to improve the accuracy and completeness of RTC mortality data, leading to evidence-based road safety interventions and policies. This research contributes to the understanding of RTC data collection practices in Zambia and provides valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners in addressing the challenges in RTC mortality data collection.