A Review of the International Order and Human SECURITY in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in inter-national order, why the concept of human security emerged, and how it is making emergent variations, and then to study practical usefulness in connection with national security. Method: As a major research method, policy suggestions provided by various domestic and foreign security conversations, academic conferences, and seminars held during the COVID-19 situation were referenced. The theoretical approach of human security was studied analytically through literature research. In addition, the contents of non-face-to-face interviews of 32 security experts were reflected. Results: War and conflict threats are gradually disappearing in the post-Cold War era, and the vulnerability of human security is exposed. Delayed diagnosis and prescription at the human security level have a negative impact on national security. Therefore, at this point, the practical usefulness of human security in line with the fundamental purpose of human security is further needed. Various international and domestic governance and solidarity are needed, and a fused human security policy in connection with the national policy should be estab-lished. Military power, which is the core of national security, should also expand the field of projection for human security. Conclusion: Human security provided the justification for the state to make all-out efforts to non-traditional security threats from traditional security threats through the long-term COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the characteristics of complexity, vulnerability, dependence, and complementarity of human security, the practical usefulness of coexisting with national security should be increased. National security should always be open to materialize human security discourse at the level of national policy, play a role as a supplement to human security, and come up with practical alternatives to overcome the vulnerability of human security.